Before I start to address some of the very important questions you raise, let me point out that those of us on the Left have to take as much of the blame for this problem as the Right. There is a tendency for
some on the Left to dismiss science as "just another belief system" no more valid than any other, just as there is a tendency for
some on the Right to dismiss science in favor of faith. There is also a tendency to prefer what is "natural" over what is technological. The reality, of course, is that science is one of the two noblest endeavors of humanity (the other being art.) Technology should not be rejected, but used properly.
1. I think the great tragedy in both government and industry is the lack of support for pure research, which is the true source of knowledge. Both are willing to support research which has a specific goal, but that's not how science works. I'm not really that worried about the United States no longer being Number One in science and technology; I'm worried about the world's losses.
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The abrupt termination of the super collider adds to a long list of large international projects that the United States has suddenly and unilaterally killed or drastically altered, including the Ulysses solar satellite program, the solvent-refined coal project and the space station. This embarrassing legacy raises serious questions about the reliability of the United States in international research projects.
It boggles the mind how much could have been learned from the proposed Superconducting Supercollider.
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. . .there is a lesson to be learned about public support for fundamental science. The super collider never captured broad support from the American public, in no small part because its scientific promise was difficult to understand even by those who are scientifically literate. As studies have shown, science education in the United States lags far behind that of other industrialized nations. This suggests that a key to sustaining U.S. excellence in basic research will be aggressive efforts to improve scientific and technical literacy at every level of education.
This is the big problem, I think. Not so much the Right or the Left, as much as the fact that the typical American doesn't know much about science and doesn't care.
2. Both government and industry need to work hand in hand. Both need to encourage basic research.
3. The attacks on science and technology by the faith-based portion and the short-sighted pro-business portion of the Right, and by the "post-modern" portion of the Left, have nothing but negative effects on society in general. The rejection of the well-established principle of biological evolution; the dismissal of strong evidence for global warming; knee-jerk attacks on the possibility of safe nuclear power; these are all shameful.
Here is a good article by science fiction writer David Brin (whose politics are best described as centrist/pragmatic/libertarian) in which he reviews the book
The Republican War on Science by Chris Mooney.
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Do pick up The Republican War on Science, if only because these are crimes being committed against us all, right now, by ideologues with real political power and fierce determination to impose their dogmatic will. In contrast, antimodernists of the left are (for now) impotent even to control the Democratic Party. Mooney's crisis is far more urgent.
Still, books like this one ultimately dwell upon the myopic -- on today's battles -- instead of drawing our eyes to the horizon. Who would have imagined that the 21st Century would be a time of pulling inward, focusing on dogmas and petty limitations, when we have already accomplished so much?
This is why it
feels like the Right is to be blamed for attacks on science. Ever since 1980, the Right has had real political power in the United States. Today, of course, it has just about
all the power. The Left has no power at all to speak of. If we did, we would be just as likely to make harmful attacks on science.
4. I don't know. I hope so, or we all lose.
5. Yes.