It's hard to tell exactly what went on, given this very brief article, but I thought this was interesting.
QUOTE
The agency's watchdog said that lenders who distributed billions of dollars in such loans failed 85% of the time to document that recipients were eligible.
It seems that the folks giving out the money failed to do their job correctly, rather then the folks getting the money cheating the government. If what these companies are saying is correct, they didn't even know they were getting aid related to the terrorist attacks.
1.
If this is true, then I would suggest that the government simply admit that they made a mistake and let the companies keep the loans. If any company knowingly applied for a loan under false pretences, of course, then the money should be returned, and the company may even have to face criminal charges.
2. Is a company getting money it didn't qualify for, with no intent to deceive, a "bad" thing? Well, only in the sense that it shows a government agency making an error that cost the taxpayers money. If we assume that the company itself didn't do anything wrong, I can't call it benefiting from the error "bad."
3. As an economic idiot, I'll refrain from much of an opinion on this question. I'll only point out that the United States does not have a true "free market." Given the immense power of large business corporations, there seems no possibility at all that it ever will. As long as Wal-Mart keeps getting tax breaks to build their Brobdingnagian stores, I won't complain about some Lilliputians picking up a few stray coins.