QUOTE(Victoria Silverwolf @ Jul 24 2003, 09:14 PM)
My friend
Julian suggested this topic.
I seem to be spiritually blind, so I am genuinely curious. I would particularly like to hear from persons of faith who would be willing to share their experiences (if they can be expressed in words.)
To be debated: What is spirituality?
I did? Cool
Anyway, in my opinion, spirituality is a largely redundant but mostly harmless instinct largely based on the need for a subconscious awareness of one's surroundings when in an environment where one might be possibly in danger from predation.
I'd say that a way it usefully manifests itself today in it's original form is the way that one can often be aware of someone else's presence without consciously knowing how. Human ears emit a quiet, high-pitched whine that can be heard consciously when sitting in a silent room (it's easiest to notice at night, by resting on one's side with one ear against the pillow). There is no reason to suppose that, just as we can pick out a conversation in a noisy room, we can still pick up the tell-tale signature of another person when their "ear noise" is masked by other noises to our conscious minds. (As an aside, I think that's probably why cats can tell when you look at them - they aren't psychic, they just have better hearing than we do, so they might be able to tell from the way the noise sounds which way our heads are pointing.)
I don't KNOW that's the mechanism, but it makes more sense to me than postulating that we have some "extra sensory" awareness that lets us know when we are not alone.
What might the original function of spirituality have been? Maybe to inculcate a healthy respect for our environment, in the times before we learned how to manipulate it to our own ends. Also, our social nature and our capacity for language lets us share our urge for the spiritual to pool our resources. And, even today, the human thirst for spirituality can be (and usually is) useful in ameliorating the emotional pain we feel when we are harshly treated by the events of life (the death of a loved one; being struck by misfortune, illness, the effects of natural disasters and weather patterns, and so on).
However, I think the original "purpose" of spirituality - to bind us to our environment in a way that balanced our desire to thrive with the sustainability of the environment itself. Few societies that survive today entirely as hunter-gatherer groups we are thought to originated as have any kind of formalised religion beyond animism - respecting the spirits of the plants and animals they use to survive, and the wider environment in which everything interacts. I think it is only with the beginnings of agriculture and permanent settlements that we started to imagine spirituality in terms of some kind of god - at first, the sun which is the source of life; the moon that marks the passage of seasons, and so on. Rain gods are present only in cultures that regularly experienced drought - obviously enough. Temperate zone cultures (e.g. Europe) more often had thunder gods than simple wet weather gods.
As we got better at agriculture, and began living in larger groups, we began to specialise. A person could make a living as a brewer or a blacksmith and trade their skills for food - they didn't have to grow it themselves. We began to get farther away from our environment, and farther from the roots (and usefulness) of our spirituality. Can it be a coincidence that many of the most religious parts of the world are still largely agricultural, or that the most religious parts of our sophisticated societies are often in farming areas, I wonder?
As our sense of the size of the groups we belonged to grew, we started to need identifiable leaders to follow, instead of just elders to consult. AS our societies changed towards this model, so did our religions - monotheism was "invented" by the Zoroastrians, whose origins are closely linked to one of the earliest cities - Babylon. We know the Jews spent a lot of time there - the Bible itself mentions this. When they got back to their homelands, what's the first thing they did? Build a city!
Today - right now, in fact - our ideas of what form a particular religion should take, how it should be interpreted, and so on, are being shaped in response to changes in our society. Has human nature changed so much that we can't imagine that exposure to monotheism and city living changed the ideas of the people who later became the Jews, giving them the idea that there was only one god?
Even for credophiles (told you I liked that word!), this could be a credible explanation - only with a spiritual revelation at it's heart rather than a sociological response to changed circumstances; the Jews largely stopped flirting with multiple on-the-spot idols (e.g. Aaron's golden calf) once they settled into their own towns and cities. After that, the likes of Baal were largely competing monotheistic ideas, rather than multiplying idols.
Of course, my theory has holes big enough to fit the (largely urban) Romans into, although I could reply that the creation of divine emperors and kings in other, polytheistic societies sated both the desire for leadership and spiritual satisfaction.
Sorry if this is a little muddled - I thunk it as I typed it, for the most part.
And none of this is meant to be any kind of insult to credophiles (I have plenty of better ways to do that

), it's just my considered (and long - sorry) opinion in response to the thread question at hand.
I thought I should give it my best shot, seeing as how I suggested it in the first place. Apparently

(Thanks for the plug, VS!)