I wanted to expand on my comments about my feelings about the economic effects of the Bush tax cuts and why I think they are bad for the country and are in fact skewed to be regressive in nature. (As opposed to flat or progressive)
My ideas have been largely informed by reading a recent book by David Cay Johnston and are supported by an MSNBC article by Allan Sloan of Newsweek and a regular contributor to NPR.
My basic conclusions are that the Bush tax cuts 1) favor capital income over labor or salary income, 2) help heighten the disturbing trend of wealth being redistributed to the super rich from the upper middle class and the poor, 3) encourages savings and makes it harder for the major consumer classes (middle and upper middle class) to spend and save, and 4) that this is a long term trend that threaten our democratic system because IMHO democracy is dependant on a strong and stable and, ideally, growing middle class.
I will provide some documentation as I go, but have other material to back up my opinions should anyone request it.
I believe that the Bush tax cuts hurt the economy and that they are regressive in nature.
I think they contribute to the trend of widening the gap between the very rich and the poor by redistributing income upwards.
I think the tax cuts penalize the consumer classes of middle, upper middle, and affluent Americans and rewards the investor class of those who already possess working capital in high amounts.
The income tax cuts do not address the payroll taxes which are high, highly regressive, and a strong drag on the U.S. labor market. Most economists count moth the employee and employer contributions to SSI and Medicare as taces paid by the employee. the logic here is that although the employer tax serves as a hidden tax to the employee, the employer hires after taking in account the total cost of bringing on a new employee. These payroll taxes make employers more reluctant to make new hires and more reluctant to raise wages. While we have a soft job market these added costs of employing people in the United States can only increase the outsourcing of jobs overseas. This reduces corporate labor costs and increases income to investors at the expense of the domestic labor market.
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The total combined Social Security and Medicare tax is a whopping 15.3 percent on the first $87,900 of salary (or other earned income) and 2.9 percent on the rest. (I'm counting workers' total cost the way the Congressional Budget Office, Mankiw and virtually all other economists do, by assuming that workers foot the bill not only for the taxes they pay themselves but also for what their employers pay.)
Why Your Tax Cut Doesn't Add UpThe average member of the working poor likely pay no income taxes and this creates the illusion that he is untaxed. In effect he is being taxed fairly heavily from dollar one. But nobody in the major parties is seriously discussing fixing this issue. Also these taxes for the vast majority of Americans or more than income taxes. From the Sloan article
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If we're going to talk about what Americans pay in income taxes, let's deal with the elephants in the room that are almost never mentioned—Social Security and Medicare. Now get this: about 75 percent of American families pay more in Social Security and Medicare taxes than in income tax.
The American workers of the lower and middle classes struggle to save money and find it even harder to find jobs with pensions today. These people dependent on income from labor and services are penalized by our social security system in paying since 1986 more money to the supposed trust fund that has been actually used as part of the funds to run our government.
So working people have been paying tax dollars today for services they will received well into the future while the government gets the value of having that money early. At the same time wealthy investors have been exploiting the ever increasingly complex tax code mining for more and more lucrative tax shelters that tend to take todays income and defer paying the taxes on that income well into the future. In the meantime they keep the full dollars of income and collect compound interest on the money.
The present tax cuts were passed by using accounting tricks to minimize the real costs of the tax cuts and also by ignoring the effects of what I have read described as the stealth tax, the alternative minimum tax. (AMT) The AMT will surprise many people in the middle and upper middle classes in the coming years as they learn that they will not be able to capitalize on existing deductions to the full dollar amount because they will be exposed to the AMT. Neither party seems poised to do anything about this because of the tremendous change in the costs of the existing tax cuts it would entail. As far as I can tell the AMT tends to apply to income labor but not dividend income and capital gains. This AMT was designed to catch a list of US tax payers that had used tax shelters to end up paying not a penny in taxes in years in which their real income was substantial. So the AMT was passed to ensnare tax dodgers among the super rich. It has been allowed over the years to creep down the income ladder from the super rich, to the rich, to the affluent, and now courtesy of the Bush tax cuts, magically the Bush tax cuts will disappear or get reduced for many middle class Americans and people will be kicked into the 26-28 tax rate of the AMT.
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Because the Bush tax program sharply reduced regular tax rates, the alternative tax, whose exemptions are not indexed for inflation or income growth, will affect more and more taxpayers over time. The 2001 tax act temporarily mitigated this problem by increasing the alternative tax exemption (from $45,000 to $49,000 for couples). But that partial relief expires after 2004. As a result, the number of families paying the alternative tax will explode after 2004.
As recently as 1999, only a million taxpayers, almost all of them very well off, actually paid the alternative tax, which added just $6.5 billion to federal revenues. But absent legislative change, by the time the Bush tax cuts are fully in place in 2010, 36 million families will have to fill out the complicated alternative tax forms, and cough up an extra $140 billion on top of their regular taxes. Even without change, however, the alternative tax has only relatively minor effects on the very wealthy, since their regular top marginal tax rate, even after falling to 33 percent, will still be well above the 26-28 percent alternative rate.
Year-by-Year Analysis of the Bush Tax Cuts Shows Growing Tilt to the Very Rich The looming end of the estate tax rewards a very small percentage of wealthy families by allowing mulit-million dollar estates to be handed down free of any tax burden. This will be another loss of revenue and this is definitely a tax break for the very wealthy. Tinkering with the estate tax would exempt the vast majority of households from tax without continuing a process of large fortunes drifting through the generations without being considered incomes when the recipients receive this gift.
These taxed cuts were packaged in such a way that the immediate benefits would lend in the pockets of the many but over time, especially after the 2004 elections the benefits begin to be realized in large money bags by the political donor class that supports the political engines of both political parties.
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From 2001 through 2005, the best-off one percent will receive “only” 19.8 percent of the Bush tax cuts.
From 2006 through 2009, the share of the tax cuts going to the very rich jumps to 41 percent of the total.
By 2010, when all of the provisions of the bill—including complete repeal of the estate tax on extremely large estates—are scheduled to be fully in place, 51.8 percent of the tax cuts are targeted to the top one percent.
In addition to delayed phase-ins, Congress and the President offered only a short-term, partial adjustment to the individual alternative minimum tax. Originally intended to stop very high-income taxpayers from using loopholes to pay little or nothing in income taxes, the essentially flat-rate alternative tax must be paid if it exceeds regular income taxes due. Because the Bush tax program sharply reduced regular tax rates, the alternative tax, whose exemptions are not indexed for inflation or income growth, will affect more and more taxpayers over time.
same link as above.
My conclusion is that even if cutting taxes (and services) is a good idea for our economy, these tax cut are, despite loud and consistent arguments to the contrary, heavily designed to reduce the burden of taxation on the top 1% of American families and shift it immediately or in the long run with interest, to the working and upper-middle classes.