1. Who is watching Fox News and what draws these people to a FOX News?I'm not, for the simple expedient that it isn't widely available in the UK. On my last trip to the US, I tried to avoid all "news channels" because I find them too repetitive and self-absorbed. Personally I prefer to watch quality news programming on ordinary "network" channels, something that seemed to go out of fashion in the USA about the same time as Betamax.
I selected "Other", because my news sources on TV are the BBC (on the terrestrial channels, not BBC News 24 on cable, though I can get it, because it still has all the things I dislike about dedicated news channels); and ITN, at least in its Channel 4 and Channel 5 incarnations. I don't really bother with Sky News (Fox's British cousin in the Murdoch stable), as it tends to be a bit to entertainment led and follows too much of a tabloid agenda for my taste.
2. Is FOX News just a breath of fresh air from CNN, MSNBC, CNBC?3. If FOX News leans 'right' in its media coverage, do the others lean 'left' or are they in the 'middle?'I'll take these two together, if I may. As has already been mentioned, my perception is that ALL the American broadcast news leans to the right, and Fox News, if anything, leans to the even-righter.
But this leads me to my core conclusions on this discussion, and the reason why we'll never come to agreement on it.
Our perceptions of left/right bias in the media are predicated not only on what they say,
but where we are. I might think that Fox News is a fountain of terrible left wing propaganda if I were Atilla the Hun's more forthright kinsman, or that Soviet-era TV news was admirably unbiased in it's coverage of the potato harvest and tractor production figures if I were Stalin's harshest left-wing critic (though were that true in either case, I wouldn't have lived long enough to express those views, let alone see enough TV news to formulate them).
Fox News seems dreadfully right-wing to me, because I am on the political left. Moderately so for Europe, rabidly so by US standards, or so I am led to believe by the presentation of Americans
in your own media which may or may not be true.
Someone on the right is bound to think that it is less biased, or even unbiased, than I am, because they are not standing where I am.
Is Danny DeVito short, or tall? From a purely personal perspective, we can't say - only that he's shorter (or taller!) than us. We
can say that he is short, because we
have measured enough people to know what the average is, and to know that height is distributed normally (and I mean this in the statistical sense).
What is missing from this whole debate, wherever it is held, is an objective assessment of
where the centre is on any particular issue. We haven't taken the political measurements to know where everyone stands on every issue, and (unlike height), it shifts constantly anyway, so it's unlikely we will ever know where the centre
is, which is a pre-requisite of establishing bias, surely?
What I will say is to reiterate my view that, in essence, the concept of journalistic and broadcasting balance are liberal ideas in themselves - expecting one channel to reflect everybody's views equally, with equal weight, and no editorialising to undermine them.
This might work, in theory, if everyones views were known, second-by-second, and all journalists and editors were robots with know opinions of their own. But, clearly, this extreme is not tenable in a broadcast universe run on market principles.
A more typically conservative view of the media would be to expect bias to happen, and to allow it to happen, and allow the consumer to choose sources they find most palatable. Again, this would work in a theoretical universe where the market was perfect, everybody knew the same as everyone else, and nobody was influenced by any other factors like cost, advertising, peer pressure, availability, routes to market,
et cetera ad nauseam. But such a place will not and cannot exist.