With stronger than expected turnout, what might these elections mean for the future of Iraq?They mean that there is popular support for a constitutional convention - we should remember that these elections are not to elect a formal government as such, but to elect a parliament tasked with the specific goal of constructing a constitutional settlement that takes into account the (democratically expressed) views of ordinary Iraqis.
They also indicate that the idea of democracy itself appeals to Arabs and Muslims as much as the next person. Imran Khan, the Pakistani ex-cricketer-turned-democratic-activist (let us not forget that our bestest friends in the Muslim world - Pakistan & their "President" Musharref - are a military dictatorship that ousted their democratically-elected predecessors), said on British TV last week that there is a wide and deep desire for democracy and freedom throughout the Arab and Muslim worlds. They intersect, but are not the same thing - there are non-Muslim Arabs, and non-Arab Muslims. An obvious point, but one that bears repeating.
He also said that this is not remotely the same thing as being pro-western, pro-capitalism, pro-American. I think this has a ring of truth to it.
It is entirely possible that a settled democratic Iraq will vocally oppose American foreign policy in the future, and actively seek to counter American military and political dominance in the region.
Their gratitude at liberation may be tempered by mistakes made during normalisation, and the perfectly natural assertion of their own national interests as they perceive them - just as Continental Europe has felt free to do after their WW2 liberation and Cold War protection.
American reactions to European divergence from American opinion and policy has generally been characterised by a sense of "they should be more grateful after everything we have done for them". I fully expect exactly the same reaction from America when, as they inevtiably must, some notional future free & democratic Iraq & Afghanistan disagrees with America about something.
In other words, these elections perhaps mean that America should start to steel herself that the spread of democracy and freedom, while perfectly noble as a goal, may not be as predictably and consistently good for America in the medium to long term as most American opinion seems to think. The victory of capitalism over communism is a global good - no question - but Americans are losing their jobs to Chinese factories, are they not? The law of unforeseen consequences will assert itself in Iraq as surely as eggs are eggs.
Let's also look at what these elections do
not mean.
They do not mean that Iraqi democracy or freedom are guaranteed. South Vietnam held elections during the American involvement there, but they ended up meaning nothing, as the South fell to communism. There is much work still to do.
Neither do they mean the end of the terrorist insurgency is any closer - not axiomatically, at any rate. Two of the longest running terror campaigns in recent history - the Basque separatist campaign, and Irish sectarian terror campaigns (they may not be killing British civilians or servicemen, but they are still killing, beating up and intimidating other Northern Irish people) - have both been ongoing for
decades (centuries in Ireland) [i][/b]in democracies[/b]/i].
By and large the most useful difference between freedom fighters and terrorists is that when the people get the chance to vote, they support the aims of freedom fighters (the ANC in South Africa, for example) and defeat the aims of terrorists.
We haven't seen the results of the elections in Iraq yet (the counting only properly starts today) but given that more than one of the terror groups active in Iraq sees democracy itself as anti-Islamic and therefore something to be attacked, I can't help but think that free democratic elections on their own will do less than nothing to reduce the security problems in Iraq, and may even exacerbate them.
Recent pronouncements from the US and UK governments indicate that they intend to withdraw their troops in about a years time - close to the next round of elections that select the government of Iraq under the to-be-decided new constitution. After that time any ongoing terrorism will be a problem for the Iraqis themselves to deal with, they say.
Well, if it is still going on, doubtless the civilian and military authorities inside Iraq will still face the brunt of such attacks, as indeed they already are.
However, what makes us think that the terrorists in Iraq won't also follow the US & UK to our home territories and attack us here? And how will we respond if they do? Attack Iraq because they are "harbouring terrorists"?
Does this suggest that Iraqis are, in fact, dedicated to the idea of a democratic state?Yes, I would say it does, with the reservations outlined above.
Did anyone stay up to watch the coverage?No, but the time difference to the UK means I didn't really have to