Why is it that Man evolved from Apes, but Apes did not die off as man thrived as seems to me the natural order of things most if not all other examples of evolution? Mrs. P has stated the issue as I understand it: apes are cousins not ancestors. The fossil record has been largely filled in of late. Here's a good link showing the
timeline of fossil evidence for this. Apart from fossil homology, there is also work based on forensics of genetic evidence as well. For example, DNA (be that nuclear or mitochondrial) have certain known mutation rates. These statistics can be used to predict backwards in time when certain characteristics emerged in a given lineage. The mutation rates can be used to create a differential of human genes from other primate genes to determine when there was a common ancestor.
For the larger questions of evolution, I'd suggest reading publications of Stephen Jay Gould and Richard Dawkins. Reading the "Origin of Species" by Darwin was very informative and revealed to me that there is much disinformation with regard to his original theories.